16
Paul finds Timothy
1 So he came to Derbe and Lystra. Well now, a certain disciple was there named Timothy, son of a certain Jewish woman who believed, but his father was a Greek; 2 he was well spoken of by the brothers in Lystra and Iconium. 3 Paul wanted to have him go on with him, so he took and circumcised him because of the Jews who were in those parts, because they all knew that his father was a Greek.* Paul had been stoned at Lystra, at the instigation of the Jews, so why is he concerned to please them? And after he joined Paul how much time was Timothy going to spend in his home town? A curious proceeding. 4 As they were going through the cities they were delivering the dogmas to them, to keep—the ones that had been determined by the apostles and the elders in Jerusalem.† One of the dogmas was that circumcision was not necessary, so was Paul hedging? 5 So the congregations kept on being strengthened in the faith, and were increasing in number daily.‡ Evidently they were enthusiastically sharing the Good News. There must have come to be hundreds of congregations throughout Asia Minor.
The ‘Macedonian call’
6 Now when they had gone through Phrygia and the region of Galatia, having been forbidden by the Holy Spirit to speak the word in Asia, 7 they approached Mysia and tried to go to Bithynia, but the Spirit§ Perhaps 6% of the Greek manuscripts add ‘of Jesus’ (as in NASB, LB, TEV, etc.). did not permit them. 8 So they bypassed Mysia and went down to Troas.* Paul and Silas were sufficiently in tune with the Holy Spirit that He could lead them. The areas mentioned were basically unevangelized, so their attempt was a ‘natural’, but those areas would be reached later as the News radiated out from Ephesus to all Asia. God wanted to get the Church started in Europe, and in particular the area where Greek was the mother tongue.
9 A vision appeared to Paul during the night: a man of Macedonia was standing, appealing to him and saying, “Come over to Macedonia and help us.” 10 So when he saw the vision, we† At this point Luke joined the party. immediately prepared to go over to Macedonia, concluding that the Lord‡ Perhaps 5% of the Greek manuscripts have ‘God’ instead of ‘Lord’ (as in NIV, NASB, LB, TEV, etc.). had called us to evangelize them.
Philippi
11 So setting sail from Troas, we ran a straight course to Samothrace, and the next day to Neapolis; 12 and from there to Philippi, which is the foremost city of that part of Macedonia, a colony.§ A Roman colony—this conferred status and some privileges. We stayed some days in that city. 13 On the Sabbath day we went outside the city by a river, where prayer was customarily made,* Instead of “where prayer was customarily made”, perhaps 2% if the Greek manuscripts, of objectively inferior quality, have ‘where we supposed a place of prayer to be’ (as in NIV, NASB, LB, TEV, etc.). and sitting down we started speaking to the assembled women.† Evidently there was no synagogue in Philippi. Prayer meetings usually have more women than men. 14 A certain woman named Lydia, a dealer in purple cloth from the city of Thyatira, who worshiped God, really listened, whose heart the Lord opened to give heed to the things spoken by Paul. 15 When she and her household were baptized, she appealed saying, “If you have judged me to be faithful to the Lord, come into my house and stay.” So she persuaded us.
Prison
16 Now it happened, as we were going to prayer, that a certain slave girl having a spirit of divination met us, who brought considerable profit to her owners by divination. 17 Following Paul and Silas‡ I follow the best line of transmission in reading ‘Silas’; some 60% of the Greek manuscripts have ‘us’, as in most versions. Luke, who was there, is focusing the account on the two who were put in prison. this girl kept calling out, “These men are servants of the Most High God, who are proclaiming to us the way of salvation!”§ I find it to be curious that what the demon said was precisely true! So why did that truth not result in many conversions? Presumably because the Holy Spirit did not apply it, coming from a demon. Instead of “to us”, perhaps 20% of the Greek manuscripts have ‘to you’ (as in NIV, NASB, LB, TEV, etc.). Did the demon have the girl include herself, or not? 18 She kept this up for many days!* The ‘hour of prayer’ was observed every day by God-fearing Jews. So the apostles would pass at a predictable time each day. So Paul, becoming increasingly annoyed,† But Paul, she was giving you free advertising! Evidently he didn't want advertising from the enemy, and in this he followed the Lord's example (Mark 3:11-12). turned and said to the spirit, “I command you in the name of Jesus Christ to come out of her!” And it came out that very hour.
19 But when her owners saw that their hope of profit was gone, they seized Paul and Silas and dragged them into the market place to the rulers,‡ This was a put up job. It would take a day or two to make clear that the girl was now useless. The magistrates had probably been getting a ‘cut’. Some rabble had been mobilized to join in—the whole proceeding had been organized in advance. They figured they could beat up on two Jews with impunity. 20 and bringing them before the magistrates they said, “These men, being Jews, are agitating our city, 21 and are advocating customs that are not lawful for us, being Romans, to receive or do.” 22 The crowd joined in the attack against them, and the magistrates tore the clothes off of them and ordered a beating with rods. 23 When they had laid many stripes on them, they threw them into prison, charging the jailer to keep them securely; 24 who, having received such a charge, threw them into the inner cell and fastened their feet in the stocks.§ Their backs are bleeding from ‘many stripes’ and their feet are in stocks (you try to sit up so as not to lie on your wounded back; all of which gets pretty ‘old’ pretty fast)—a great time for a praise meeting!
The jailer converts
25 Well about midnight Paul and Silas were singing hymns to God in prayer; and the other prisoners were listening to them. 26 Suddenly there was a great earthquake, enough to shake the foundations of the prison; immediately all the doors were opened and everyone's chains were loosed.* A proper earthquake could shake the doors open, but not unlock chains (unless it was their anchors that came loose from the walls). 27 But the jailer, awaking from sleep and seeing the prison doors open, drew sword, intending to kill himself, supposing that the prisoners had escaped.† Better a quick death than the humiliation that would follow (culminating in a slow death).
28 But Paul shouted out, “Don't harm yourself, because we are all here!”‡ For the prisoners to be free and not run was really supernatural! The jailor understands that he is in the presence of a higher power. 29 So calling for a light he ran in and fell down trembling before Paul and Silas. 30 He then brought them out and said, “Sirs, what must I do to be saved?”§ Philippi was not all that large, and the members of his household would be information gatherers. He was doubtless aware of the slave girl's ‘advertising’, etc. 31 So they said, “Believe upon the Lord Jesus Christ* Perhaps 3% of the Greek manuscripts, of inferior quality, omit ‘Christ’ (as in NIV, NASB, LB, TEV, etc.). and you will be saved, you and your household.” 32 Then they spoke the Word of the Lord to him and to all who were in his house. 33 In that same hour of the night he took them aside and washed their wounds, and thereupon he and all his family were baptized.† Very appropriate—he washed their wounds and restored their dignity, so they could baptize him. Note again that baptism followed immediately. (Would there have been enough water there to dunk them? Probably not.) Note that everyone in the family was baptized, which would put them under Christ's protection, but that procedure was imposed by the head of the household, whether or not there was personal commitment to Jesus on the part of each one. 34 Then he brought them into his house and set a meal before them, and he was really rejoicing, having believed in God with his whole family.
Magistrates rebuked
35 Now when it was day the magistrates sent the officers saying, “Let those men go.” 36 So the jailer reported these words to Paul, “The magistrates have sent to release you; so now you can leave and go in peace.” 37 But Paul said to them:‡ The officers were still there. Paul decided to give the magistrates a much-needed lesson, but then acquiesced in leaving the city without further fuss. “After severely beating us in public, although we were uncondemned Romans, they threw us into prison, and now do they toss us out on the sly? No way! Rather, let them come themselves and escort us out!” 38 So the officers reported these words to the magistrates, and they were afraid when they heard that they were Romans; 39 and they came and appealed to them, and leading them out they asked them to leave the city. 40 So exiting the prison they entered Lydia's place, and upon seeing the brothers they encouraged them and departed.

*16:3 Paul had been stoned at Lystra, at the instigation of the Jews, so why is he concerned to please them? And after he joined Paul how much time was Timothy going to spend in his home town? A curious proceeding.

†16:4 One of the dogmas was that circumcision was not necessary, so was Paul hedging?

‡16:5 Evidently they were enthusiastically sharing the Good News. There must have come to be hundreds of congregations throughout Asia Minor.

§16:7 Perhaps 6% of the Greek manuscripts add ‘of Jesus’ (as in NASB, LB, TEV, etc.).

*16:8 Paul and Silas were sufficiently in tune with the Holy Spirit that He could lead them. The areas mentioned were basically unevangelized, so their attempt was a ‘natural’, but those areas would be reached later as the News radiated out from Ephesus to all Asia. God wanted to get the Church started in Europe, and in particular the area where Greek was the mother tongue.

†16:10 At this point Luke joined the party.

‡16:10 Perhaps 5% of the Greek manuscripts have ‘God’ instead of ‘Lord’ (as in NIV, NASB, LB, TEV, etc.).

§16:12 A Roman colony—this conferred status and some privileges.

*16:13 Instead of “where prayer was customarily made”, perhaps 2% if the Greek manuscripts, of objectively inferior quality, have ‘where we supposed a place of prayer to be’ (as in NIV, NASB, LB, TEV, etc.).

†16:13 Evidently there was no synagogue in Philippi. Prayer meetings usually have more women than men.

‡16:17 I follow the best line of transmission in reading ‘Silas’; some 60% of the Greek manuscripts have ‘us’, as in most versions. Luke, who was there, is focusing the account on the two who were put in prison.

§16:17 I find it to be curious that what the demon said was precisely true! So why did that truth not result in many conversions? Presumably because the Holy Spirit did not apply it, coming from a demon. Instead of “to us”, perhaps 20% of the Greek manuscripts have ‘to you’ (as in NIV, NASB, LB, TEV, etc.). Did the demon have the girl include herself, or not?

*16:18 The ‘hour of prayer’ was observed every day by God-fearing Jews. So the apostles would pass at a predictable time each day.

†16:18 But Paul, she was giving you free advertising! Evidently he didn't want advertising from the enemy, and in this he followed the Lord's example (Mark 3:11-12).

‡16:19 This was a put up job. It would take a day or two to make clear that the girl was now useless. The magistrates had probably been getting a ‘cut’. Some rabble had been mobilized to join in—the whole proceeding had been organized in advance. They figured they could beat up on two Jews with impunity.

§16:24 Their backs are bleeding from ‘many stripes’ and their feet are in stocks (you try to sit up so as not to lie on your wounded back; all of which gets pretty ‘old’ pretty fast)—a great time for a praise meeting!

*16:26 A proper earthquake could shake the doors open, but not unlock chains (unless it was their anchors that came loose from the walls).

†16:27 Better a quick death than the humiliation that would follow (culminating in a slow death).

‡16:28 For the prisoners to be free and not run was really supernatural! The jailor understands that he is in the presence of a higher power.

§16:30 Philippi was not all that large, and the members of his household would be information gatherers. He was doubtless aware of the slave girl's ‘advertising’, etc.

*16:31 Perhaps 3% of the Greek manuscripts, of inferior quality, omit ‘Christ’ (as in NIV, NASB, LB, TEV, etc.).

†16:33 Very appropriate—he washed their wounds and restored their dignity, so they could baptize him. Note again that baptism followed immediately. (Would there have been enough water there to dunk them? Probably not.) Note that everyone in the family was baptized, which would put them under Christ's protection, but that procedure was imposed by the head of the household, whether or not there was personal commitment to Jesus on the part of each one.

‡16:37 The officers were still there. Paul decided to give the magistrates a much-needed lesson, but then acquiesced in leaving the city without further fuss.

© 2016 Wilbur N. Pickering, ThM, PhD